Connecticut Employer Guide

Connecticut Household Employer Guide 2026

Your household employee — a nanny, caregiver, housekeeper, or anyone who works in your Connecticut home — is a W-2 employee. Connecticut is a higher-compliance household-payroll state: state income tax withholding from day one, CT Paid Leave contributions, CT unemployment filings, workers' comp at 26+ hours per week, and paid sick leave expanding to all employers in 2027.

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Updated May 2026 · Verified against Connecticut DRS, CT DOL, CT Paid Leave Authority, CT Workers' Compensation Commission, and IRS
Minimum Wage$16.94/hr
PFML0.5%
State WithholdingRequired
Workers' Comp26+ hrs/wk
Sick Leave2027: all
Connecticut is a high-compliance household-payroll state. The main Connecticut-specific items are mandatory state income-tax withholding from the first paycheck, CT Paid Leave employee deductions, CT unemployment filings, workers' comp for household employees working 26+ hours per week, and a paid sick leave expansion that reaches all employers on January 1, 2027.
Your household worker is a W-2 employee. Most household workers are employees under IRS rules, not contractors. Issuing a 1099 in this situation can lead to back tax penalties, interest, and wage-law liability.

When the rules apply

Connecticut household employers mainly need to watch federal payroll thresholds, Connecticut's first-dollar state withholding/UI rules, and CT Paid Leave contributions.

2026 Thresholds
$3,000
Federal · 2026
Triggers Social Security and Medicare taxes (FICA) and W-2/W-3 reporting.
$1,000
Federal/quarter
Triggers federal unemployment tax (FUTA), reported on Schedule H with your personal tax return.
First dollar
Connecticut
Connecticut state withholding, CT unemployment reporting, and CT Paid Leave deductions apply from the first dollar of Connecticut wages.

How Nest Payroll handles this

Each pay period, you pay your employee the net amount directly — through Venmo, Cash App, Zelle, your banking app, or by check. Nest generates the pay stub, calculates federal payroll taxes, Connecticut withholding, and the CT Paid Leave deduction.

Federal taxes — quarterly EFTPS payments

At the end of each federal quarter, Nest debits your bank account for federal taxes owed and remits them to the IRS via EFTPS. At year-end, Schedule H on your Form 1040 reconciles those household payroll taxes.

Connecticut state taxes — CT-941, UC-2/UC-5A, and PFML

Nest supports Connecticut withholding returns, CT unemployment filings, and CT Paid Leave contribution remittance. CT PFML is employee-funded at 0.5% of wages up to the Social Security wage base.

Set up payroll in 5 minutes.

Nest handles Connecticut payroll calculations, paystubs, CT-941 withholding, UC-2/UC-5A unemployment filings, CT Paid Leave contributions, and year-end Schedule H.

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Setup checklist (before they start)

Connecticut Workers' Compensation Insurance

Connecticut requires workers' compensation for household employees who work 26 or more hours per week. If your nanny, caregiver, or housekeeper works fewer than 26 hours per week, coverage is not legally required, but voluntary coverage is still worth considering.

Do not skip coverage if required. Connecticut can impose penalties, and an injured household worker may be able to sue directly if you are uninsured. Talk to your insurance agent before the employee starts.

Form I-9 (Employment Eligibility)

Have your employee complete the Form I-9 at hire to verify they're authorized to work in the United States. You don't submit this anywhere — keep it filed in case of audit.

Federal W-4 + Form CT-W4

The federal W-4 determines federal income tax withholding if you and your employee agree to withhold it. Connecticut uses Form CT-W4 for state withholding. Unlike federal income tax withholding, Connecticut state income tax withholding is required from the first paycheck.

Connecticut uses withholding codes instead of traditional allowances. The employee selects a CT-W4 code based on filing status and expected income. If no CT-W4 is filed, Connecticut requires withholding at the highest rate.

Federal income tax withholding is voluntary for household employers — it requires mutual agreement between you and your employee. Connecticut state income tax withholding, however, is required regardless.

Connecticut New Hire Reporting

Connecticut requires all employers to report newly hired and rehired employees to the Connecticut New Hires Reporting Center (administered by CT DOL) within 20 days of the hire date.

You'll provide your employee's name, address, SSN, hire date, and your contact information.

Required Employment Posters

Connecticut requires several employment posters in the workplace. For a household, "the workplace" is your home — but you should still keep a binder with the required notices and confirm with your employee that they've reviewed them. Required posters include:

  • Connecticut Minimum Wage poster (CT DOL)
  • Connecticut Paid Sick Leave notice (CT DOL — required for covered employers)
  • CT Paid Family and Medical Leave notice (CT Paid Leave Authority — required for ALL employers)
  • Connecticut Workers' Compensation notice
  • Federal "EEO is the Law" + FLSA Min Wage posters

Written Work Agreement

Connecticut does not require a written work agreement for household employment, but having one in writing protects everyone. A good agreement covers: pay rate, hours, schedule, duties, paid time off, holiday pay, sick leave accrual, mileage reimbursement policy, termination process, and confidentiality. Use Nest's free Nanny Contract Template to get started.

Pay & compensation

Minimum Wage — $16.94/hr (Jan 1, 2026, ECI-indexed)

Connecticut's minimum wage is $16.94 per hour as of January 1, 2026, up from $16.35 in 2025 (a 3.6% adjustment based on the Employment Cost Index for the 12 months ending June 30, 2025, per PA 19-4). Minimum wage adjusts annually each January 1 based on the previous year's ECI. Connecticut has no separate tipped wage rate that significantly differs from the standard minimum for household employees.

Overtime — 1.5× regular pay over 40hr/week

Worker type Overtime rule Source
Live-out (works at your home but doesn't reside there) 1.5× regular rate over 40 hours per week FLSA + C.G.S. § 31-76b
Live-in (resides at your home) Exempt from FLSA overtime; no Connecticut state rule extending overtime to live-in domestic workers 29 USC § 213(b)(21)

"No Tax on Overtime" Deduction (2025–2028)

The federal overtime deduction may let household employees deduct the premium portion of qualifying overtime pay on their personal tax return. This is a federal income-tax rule; it does not change how you calculate overtime, FICA, Connecticut withholding, CT PFML, or payroll records.

With Nest Payroll: Nest tracks qualified overtime reporting for W-2 purposes when required.

Pay Frequency

Household employees are usually treated as non-exempt hourly workers under FLSA rules — even when you've agreed to pay a "salary," federal FLSA treats it as a wage covering a fixed number of hours per week, with overtime owed on hours past 40.

Under C.G.S. § 31-71b, Connecticut employers must pay wages at least weekly by default; biweekly is permitted with CT DOL approval (most household employers qualify). Most household payroll arrangements pay weekly or biweekly to keep cash flow predictable for both sides.

Mileage Reimbursement

Connecticut does not require employers to reimburse mileage at the IRS standard rate, but if you ask your employee to use their personal vehicle for work-related driving (e.g., kid pickups, errands), you should reimburse them. The 2026 IRS standard mileage rate is 70 cents/mile for business use. Reimbursement at the IRS rate is non-taxable income for the employee.

Paystub Requirements

Under C.G.S. § 31-13a, Connecticut employers must provide an itemized wage statement with each paycheck showing: employer name, employee name, hours worked, hourly rate, gross wages, all deductions (federal income tax, FICA, CT state income tax, CT PFML 0.5%), net pay, and pay period dates.

Time off & leave

Connecticut Paid Sick Leave

Connecticut paid sick leave expanded on January 1, 2026 to employers with 11 or more employees. On January 1, 2027, it expands again to employers with 1 or more employees, which will include most household employers.

For 2026, most single-employee households are not yet covered. But the 2027 expansion will bring nearly every Connecticut household employer into the sick leave law.

When covered, sick leave accrues at 1 hour per 30 hours worked. For household employers, frontloading the annual amount is usually simpler than tracking accrual every pay period.

Connecticut Paid Family and Medical Leave (PFML)

Connecticut Paid Leave applies to every Connecticut employer with 1 or more employees, including households. Employees contribute 0.5% of wages up to the Social Security wage base. The program is fully employee-funded; there is no employer match.

Nest Payroll withholds the 0.5% CT PFML deduction from each paycheck and supports quarterly remittance to the CT Paid Leave Authority.

Vacation & PTO

Connecticut does not require paid vacation. If you offer it, your written policy controls whether unused vacation accrues, carries over, or is paid out at separation.

Keep sick and vacation banks separate. Combining sick and vacation into a single PTO bank can make the whole balance look like vacation for payout purposes.

Upon departure

Connecticut final pay timing depends on how the relationship ends. If the employee resigns, final wages are due by the next regular payday. If you terminate the employee, final wages are due by the next business day. Pay out unused vacation only if your written policy provides for payout.

Year-end forms

Your responsibilities

  • Hand the W-2 to your household employee by January 31 — Nest produces this; you deliver it
  • Attach Schedule H to your Form 1040 by April 15 — Nest produces a signature-ready version

What Nest handles for you

  • Quarterly federal tax payments to the IRS via EFTPS
  • W-3 + Copy A of W-2 filed with the Social Security Administration
  • Quarterly CT-941 filings through myconneCT
  • Quarterly UC-2/UC-5A filings through the CT DOL portal
  • Quarterly CT PFML contributions through the CT Paid Leave Authority portal
  • Annual CT-W3 reconciliation and W-2 state copy
With Nest Payroll: Your tax forms are generated automatically and appear in your Tax Summary by the end of January.
Bonuses and vacation payouts: Bonuses and vacation payouts are included on your employee's W-2 and taxed through regular payroll withholding calculations.

Tax breaks for household employers

Three federal tax provisions can offset the cost of household employment:

  • Child and Dependent Care Tax Credit (CDCTC) — Up to 35% of $3,000 (one qualifying child) or $6,000 (two or more) in care expenses on Form 2441 with Form 1040.
  • Dependent Care FSA (DCFSA) — If your employer offers one, you can set aside up to $5,000 per year (single or married filing jointly) of pre-tax salary to pay for care. The OBBBA increased this to $7,500 starting 2026.
  • Connecticut state credit — Connecticut offers a child and dependent care expense credit on Form CT-1040 Schedule 3, mirroring the federal CDCTC at a percentage of the federal credit.

Resources & free tools

The information on this page is general in nature and not tax, legal, or financial advice. Connecticut rules change. Verify current rates and rules with CT DRS, CT DOL, CT Paid Leave Authority, and the CT Workers' Compensation Commission, or consult a tax advisor.